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__NOTOC__ <!-- TOP LEFT --> <!--  FEATURED CONTENT  -->
{{#seo:
|title=PetroWiki – an E&P Industry wiki – Oil&Gas
|keywords=these,are,your,keywords
|description=PetroWiki is a comprehensive guide for all things E&P created by the Society of Petroleum Engineers and seeded from the seven volume Petroleum Engineering Handbook(PEH).  This wiki allows SPE’s membership to update and expand E&P content from the published handbook.
}}
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__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__
<div style="padding:6px 10px 4px 10px; margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:25px; border:2px solid #c8ccd1;box-shadow: 0 0 4.5px rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.15 );background-color:#fafafa;text-align: center"><div><span style="font-size:200%;font-family:arial;">Welcome to {{color|#0046AD|'''''Petro'''Wik''}}{{color|#008000|''i''}}</span>
</div><span>Wiki, powered by SPE membership with all things related to the petroleum industry.</span>
<div id="numberofpages">[[Special:AllPages|{{NUMBEROFPAGES}}]] pages in English</div>
</div>


{| border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="5" style="width: 100%;"
<div style="background-color:#f5faff;width=50%;padding:1px 5px 5px 5px;margin-bottom:25px; border:2px solid #c8ccd1;box-shadow: 0 0 4.5px rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.15 );float:right;width:48%">
|-
<span style="font-family: Arial;font-size:20px;">Featured article</span>
| style="text-align: center; width: 266px;" | <div style="background:#eee;border:1px solid #ccc;padding:5px 10px;"><font color="#0066cc">'''Where is the edit link?'''</font></div>
<hr>
| style="width: 259px; text-align: center;" | <div style="background:#eee;border:1px solid #ccc;padding:5px 10px;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 102, 204); font-family: sans-serif, arial, verdana, 'trebuchet ms'; font-weight: bold; line-height: 16.6399993896484px; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);">Authorized Contributors</span></div>
{{Featured article}}</div>
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| style="width: 266px; text-align: center;" | {{#ev:youtube|UMOgtVxw890}}<br/>
| style="width: 259px;" |
<span style="font-family: sans-serif, arial, verdana, 'trebuchet ms'; line-height: 16.6399993896484px;">Do you want to become an authorized contributor?</span>


<span style="font-family: sans-serif, arial, verdana, 'trebuchet ms'; line-height: 16.6399993896484px;">[http://petrowiki.org/Help:Log_in Log in, create an account], and [http://petrowiki.org/Special:RequestEditRights request edit authorization].&nbsp;</span>
<div style = "background-color:#fafafa;width=50%;padding:1px 5px 5px 5px;margin-bottom:25px; border:2px solid #c8ccd1;box-shadow: 0 0 4.5px rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.15 );float:left;width:48%">
<span style ="font-family: arial;font-size:20px;"> What is PetroWiki? </span>
<hr>
[[File:PEH all.png|210px|frameless|right]]
PetroWiki was created from the seven volume&nbsp;[http://store.spe.org/Petroleum-Engineering-Handbook-Volumes-I-VII-Print-Set-P126.aspx Petroleum Engineering Handbook (PEH)]&nbsp;published by the&nbsp;[http://www.spe.org/ Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE)]. PetroWiki preserves the PEH content in unaltered form (page names that start with PEH:), while allowing SPE's membership to update and expand content from the published version. Pages that do not have PEH: at the beginning may have started with content from the PEH, but have been modified over time by contributors to the wiki. [http://petrowiki.org/PetroWiki:Disclaimer Disclaimer]
</div>


<div style = "background-color:#fafafa;width=50%;padding:1px 5px 5px 5px;margin-bottom:25px; border:2px solid #c8ccd1;box-shadow: 0 0 4.5px rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.15 );float:left;width:48%">
<span style ="font-family: Arial;font-size:20px;"> Start your first page here! </span>
<hr>
Start creating your first article by logging in and using the [[Special:Search|search box]] to look for the topic of your choice. We recommend using the title of a page you would like to create in the search box. If the search does not return any relevant pages, you will be asked to start a new page. You can click on the red link and it will open a new page with you title to begin. Add your content and remember to save!


Unlike some other online wikis, PetroWiki content is&nbsp;[http://petrowiki.org/PetroWiki:Copyright copyright]&nbsp;SPE. For information about using content from PetroWiki, see&nbsp;[http://petrowiki.org/PetroWiki:Permissions PetroWiki:Permissions].
</div>


[http://petrowiki.org/Contribute_what_you_know_is_right Read &nbsp;more about becoming a champion for PetroWiki…]
<div style = "background-color:#fafafa;width=50%;padding:1px 5px 5px 5px;margin-bottom:25px; border:2px solid #c8ccd1;box-shadow: 0 0 4.5px rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.15 );float:left;width:48%">
 
<span style ="font-family: arial;font-size:20px;"> Helpful links </span>
 
<hr>
 
[[Help:Edit toolbar|Edit toolbar]]
For more help guides and tutorials visit our [http://petrowiki.org/Help help] page or [http://petrowiki.org/PetroWiki:About_PetroWiki contact us].
 
|-
| style="width: 266px; text-align: center;" | <div style="background:#eee;border:1px solid #ccc;padding:5px 10px;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 102, 204); font-family: sans-serif, arial, verdana, 'trebuchet ms'; font-weight: bold; line-height: 16.6399993896484px; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);">PetroWiki edit tips</span></div>
| style="width: 259px; text-align: center;" | <div style="background:#eee;border:1px solid #ccc;padding:5px 10px;"><span style="color:#0066cc;">'''Featured new pages'''</span></div>
|-
| style="width: 266px;" |
[http://petrowiki.org/Help:RichText_editor_-_Edit_toolbar '''Editor Toolbar''']
 
Rich text supports text formatting, such as '''bold''',&nbsp;''italics'', and <u>underlining</u>, as well as different <span style="font-family:comic sans ms,cursive;">fonts</span>, <span style="font-size:xx-small;">font sizes</span>, and <span style="color:#B22222;">colored text</span>. Rich text documents can also include page formatting options, such as numbered lists, page margins, line spacing, and tab widths.&nbsp;In compatible browsers, the edit toolbar will be automatically displayed for approved editors.&nbsp;The toolbar works best with Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and Safari, but can also be utilized in&nbsp;Internet Explorer, Konqueror, and Opera. See also the basic wikitext editor&nbsp;[[Help:WikiText_editor_-_Edit_toolbar|WikiText toolbar]].
 
[http://petrowiki.org/Help:OnePetro '''Adding OnePetro Papers''']
 
Adding [http://www.onepetro.org OnePetro] articles to PetroWiki will assist industry professionals in finding relevant answers to technical questions. [http://petrowiki.org/Help:OnePetro Read more...]
 
| style="width: 259px;" | <p style="text-align: center;">'''Global Integrated Workshop Series - Production Forcasting'''</p>
The 31 newly added Production Forcasting&nbsp;pages included in PetroWiki were created&nbsp;from a&nbsp;document&nbsp;written in 2014 and 2015 by a group of almost 50 experts and committee members. These members&nbsp;volunteered their expertise to integrate the learnings from the wealth of contributions and discussions during the&nbsp;workshops. The resulting pages&nbsp;represent&nbsp;the consensus views of the authors in respect of current practice, and includes examples of where some current approaches are inadequate and improvements are still needed. [http://petrowiki.org/Category:GIWS-PF Read more...]
 
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{| border="0" align="center" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="5" style="width: 100%;"
[[Help:References|How to add inline references and auto numbered reference section]]
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <div style="background:#eee;border:1px solid #ccc;padding:5px 10px;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 153, 51); font-family: sans-serif, arial, verdana, 'trebuchet ms'; font-weight: bold; line-height: 16.6399993896484px; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);">What is PetroWiki?</span></div>
|-
|
PetroWiki was created from the seven volume&nbsp;[http://store.spe.org/Petroleum-Engineering-Handbook-Volumes-I-VII-Print-Set-P126.aspx Petroleum Engineering Handbook (PEH)]&nbsp;published by the&nbsp;[http://www.spe.org/ Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE)]. PetroWiki preserves the PEH content in unaltered form (page names that start with PEH:), while allowing SPE's membership to update and expand content from the published version. Pages that do not have PEH: at the beginning may have started with content from the PEH, but have been modified over time by contributors to the wiki.


Content in PetroWiki is&nbsp;[http://petrowiki.org/Special:Moderation moderated]&nbsp;by at least two members with subject matter expertise. This helps to ensure that the information found in PetroWiki is technically accurate.&nbsp;[http://petrowiki.org/PetroWiki:Disclaimer Disclaimer]
[[Help:Creating quality topic pages|How to create a quality topic page]]
</div>


Unlike some other online wikis, PetroWiki content is&nbsp;[http://petrowiki.org/PetroWiki:Copyright copyright]&nbsp;SPE. For information about using content from PetroWiki, see&nbsp;[http://petrowiki.org/PetroWiki:Permissions PetroWiki:Permissions].


|-
<div style = "background-color:#fafafa;width=50%;padding:1px 5px 5px 5px;margin-bottom:25px; border:2px solid #c8ccd1;box-shadow: 0 0 4.5px rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.15 );float:right;width:48%">
| style="text-align: center;" | <div style="background:#eee;border:1px solid #ccc;padding:5px 10px;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0); font-family: sans-serif, arial, verdana, 'trebuchet ms'; font-weight: bold; line-height: 16.6399993896484px; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);">How can I contribute to PetroWiki?</span></div>
<span style ="font-family: Arial;font-size:20px;"> How can I contribute to PetroWiki?</span>
|-
<hr>
|
PetroWiki is a living document and therefore the content should be enhanced to include newer technologies and current information.
PetroWiki is a living document and therefore the content should be enhanced to include newer technologies and current information.
<p style="font-family: sans-serif, arial, verdana, 'trebuchet ms'; line-height: 16.6399993896484px; text-align: center;">'''<span style="color: rgb(178, 34, 34);">Share your knowledge with others and help update PetroWiki at the same time! You can't "break" the wiki.</span>'''</p>
<p style="font-family: sans-serif, arial, verdana, 'trebuchet ms'; line-height: 16.6399993896484px; text-align: center;">'''<span style="color: rgb(178, 34, 34);">Share your knowledge with others and help update PetroWiki at the same time! You can't "break" the wiki.</span>'''</p>
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<li>Log in</li>
<li>Log in</li>
<li>Search for the topic of your choice</li>
<li>Search for the topic of your choice</li>
<li>Open the topic page</li>
<li>Open the topic page, if there is not a relevant topic page you will be asked if you want to start a new page</li>
<li>Make changes</li>
<li>Make changes and/or add content</li>
<li>Save</li>
<li>Save</li>
</ul>
</ul>
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'''Suggested additions:'''
'''Suggested additions:'''
<ul style="font-family: sans-serif, arial, verdana, 'trebuchet ms'; line-height: 16.6399993896484px;">
<ul style="font-family: sans-serif, arial, verdana, 'trebuchet ms'; line-height: 16.6399993896484px;">
<li>Adding links to good papers in OnePetro and elsewhere is a great way to enrich existing content pages.</li>
<li>New and emerging concepts </li>
<li>Utilize your expertise to review, update, and enhance the quality of existing content
</li>
<li>Adding links to good papers in OnePetro and elsewhere is a great way to enrich existing content pages.
</li>
<li>Creation of pages about specific fields are welcome. Knowing the basics of the reservoir and how the field was developed over time can provide valuable information to others. (See&nbsp;[http://petrowiki.org/Prudhoe%20Bay%20field Prudhoe_Bay_field]&nbsp;and [[Kuparuk_River_field|Kuparuk River field]]</li>
<li>Creation of pages about specific fields are welcome. Knowing the basics of the reservoir and how the field was developed over time can provide valuable information to others. (See&nbsp;[http://petrowiki.org/Prudhoe%20Bay%20field Prudhoe_Bay_field]&nbsp;and [[Kuparuk_River_field|Kuparuk River field]]</li>
</ul>
</ul>
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<li>You must log in to edit. [http://petrowiki.org/Help:Editing%20a%20page Help with editing]</li>
<li>You must log in to edit. [http://petrowiki.org/Help:Editing%20a%20page Help with editing]</li>
<li>Pages that start with PEH&nbsp;'''cannot'''&nbsp;be edited.</li>
<li>Pages that start with PEH&nbsp;'''cannot'''&nbsp;be edited.</li>
<li>Glossary pages '''cannot''' be edited.
</li>
<li>For more information, see&nbsp;[http://petrowiki.org/PetroWiki:Frequently%20asked%20questions PetroWiki:Frequently asked questions]</li>
<li>For more information, see&nbsp;[http://petrowiki.org/PetroWiki:Frequently%20asked%20questions PetroWiki:Frequently asked questions]</li>
</ul>
</ul>
</div>


''Content categorization - SPE has finalized a technical&nbsp;[http://petrowiki.org/Taxonomy taxonomy]&nbsp;that is being used in PetroWiki, OnePetro, and other SPE content.''
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | <div style="background:#eee;border:1px solid #ccc;padding:5px 10px;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 153, 0); font-family: sans-serif, arial, verdana, 'trebuchet ms'; font-weight: bold; line-height: 16.6399993896484px; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);">How do I use PetroWiki?</span></div>
|-
|
'''Search box'''
Use the&nbsp;[http://petrowiki.org/index.php?title=Special:Search&search=&fulltext=Search search box]&nbsp;at upper right to find content of interest.
PetroWiki is indexed by search engines, so you also may find content of interest through your favorite search engine.
'''Glossary'''
Use the Glossary to find terms and definitions. [http://petrowiki.org/Category:Glossary Glossary]
'''Help'''
Use the&nbsp;[http://petrowiki.org/Help Help]&nbsp;to locate guides, videos, and slideshows to explain editing.
'''Translator'''
English not your first language? You'll find Google Translate in the navigation under Toolbox. While the translations are far from perfect and technical terms may not translate well, it may help with understanding. When you're on a translated page, mouseover the text to see the original text for ease of comparison.


|}
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<span style ="font-family: arial;font-size:20px;"> Top Contributors to PetroWiki </span>
<hr>
{{Special:ContributionScores/10/all}}
</div>

Latest revision as of 17:35, 19 February 2024


Welcome to PetroWiki
Wiki, powered by SPE membership with all things related to the petroleum industry.
3,634 pages in English

Featured article


Vol3 Page 526 Image 0001.png

Offshore and Subsea Facilities

In 1859, Col. Edwin Drake drilled and completed the first known oil well near a small town in Pennsylvania, U.S.A. This well, which was drilled with cable tools, started the modern petroleum industry. In 1897, near Summerland, California, U.S.A., H.L. Williams extended an offshore oil field into the Santa Barbara Channel by drilling a submarine well from a pier. This first offshore well was drilled just 38 years after Col. Drake’s well. Five years later, more than 150 offshore wells were producing oil. Production from the California piers continues today.

In the late 1920s, steel production piers, which extended 1/4 mile into the ocean at Rincon and Elwood, California, were built, and new high-producing wells stimulated exploration activity. In 1932, a small company called Indian Petroleum Corp. determined that there was a likely prospect about 1/2 mile from shore. Instead of building a monumentally long pier, they decided to build a portion of a pier with steel piles and cross-members. Adding a deck and barging in a derrick completed the installation. By September 1932, the 60 × 90-ft "steel island" was completed in 38 ft of water. This was the first open-seas offshore platform and supported a standard 122-ft steel derrick and associated rotary drilling equipment. In January 1940, a Pacific storm destroyed the steel island. During the subsequent cleanup, divers were used for the first time to remove well casing and set abandonment plugs.

Meanwhile, the first offshore field was discovered in the Gulf of Mexico in 1938. A well was drilled to 9,000 ft off the coast of Texas in 1941. With the start of World War II, however, offshore activities came to a halt. Activity did not resume until 1945, when the state of Louisiana held its first offshore lease sale. In 1947, the first platform "out of sight of the land" was built off the coast of Louisiana in 20 ft of water.

What is PetroWiki?


PEH all.png

PetroWiki was created from the seven volume Petroleum Engineering Handbook (PEH) published by the Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE). PetroWiki preserves the PEH content in unaltered form (page names that start with PEH:), while allowing SPE's membership to update and expand content from the published version. Pages that do not have PEH: at the beginning may have started with content from the PEH, but have been modified over time by contributors to the wiki. Disclaimer

Start your first page here!


Start creating your first article by logging in and using the search box to look for the topic of your choice. We recommend using the title of a page you would like to create in the search box. If the search does not return any relevant pages, you will be asked to start a new page. You can click on the red link and it will open a new page with you title to begin. Add your content and remember to save!

Unlike some other online wikis, PetroWiki content is copyright SPE. For information about using content from PetroWiki, see PetroWiki:Permissions.

Helpful links


Edit toolbar

How to add inline references and auto numbered reference section

How to create a quality topic page


How can I contribute to PetroWiki?


PetroWiki is a living document and therefore the content should be enhanced to include newer technologies and current information.

Share your knowledge with others and help update PetroWiki at the same time! You can't "break" the wiki.

Follow these basic steps to get started:

  • Log in
  • Search for the topic of your choice
  • Open the topic page, if there is not a relevant topic page you will be asked if you want to start a new page
  • Make changes and/or add content
  • Save

Suggested additions:

  • New and emerging concepts
  • Utilize your expertise to review, update, and enhance the quality of existing content
  • Adding links to good papers in OnePetro and elsewhere is a great way to enrich existing content pages.
  • Creation of pages about specific fields are welcome. Knowing the basics of the reservoir and how the field was developed over time can provide valuable information to others. (See Prudhoe_Bay_field and Kuparuk River field

Things to know:


Top Contributors to PetroWiki


All time (Top 10)