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Summary

Chemistry for Enhancing the Production of Oil and Gas

Preview

Wayne Frenier & Murtaza Ziauddin

2014

616 pp.;Softcover

ISBN:978-1-61399-317-0

Society of Petroleum Engineers

Chemistry for Enhancing the Production of Oil and Gas provides an overview of the science and technology of the use of production chemicals to enhance and maintain oil and gas production. Geared towards a technically trained audience, this new book emphasizes the technical aspects of the production management from the perspective of the upstream oil and gas industry.

The chapters describe the production environment, problems that require chemical intervention, and thus, the need for the thousands of difference chemicals that are in use. They will review the important chemical and physical principles that are common to most, if not all, of the enhancement treatments. They also discuss aspects of the use and mechanisms of the complex chemistries that take place with the application of flow assurance chemicals, during stimulation (reactive chemistry and prop fracturing) and chemically improved oil recovery, including the use of chemical tracers. A final chapter emphasizes the importance of health, safety, and environmental compliance in all aspects of oilfield treatments. Most of the chapters of the book end with a section where successful chemical enhancement or control methods have been used to solve specific production problems.

About the Authors

Wayne W. Frenier retired from schlumberger in 2004 after more than 30 years of research and development activities in several areas of the energy industry. His most recent assignment was as a Schlumberger advisor in product development in Sugarland, Texas, US. Frenier is the author of 33 US patents, numerous technical articles, and four books. These include recent SPE publications, Formation, Removal, and Inhibition of Inorganic Scale in the Oilfield Environment (with Murtaza Ziauddin) and Organic Deposits in Oil and Gas Production (with Murtaza Ziauddin and Ramachandran Venkatesan). He currently performs consulting services in the energy industry. He holds an MS degree in chemistry from the University of Chicago and is a member of SPE, NACE International, and the American Chemical Society..

Murtaza Ziauddin is an advisor for production chemistry with Schlumberger and works on research and development projects in the areas of organic and inorganic scale, matrix stimulation of sandstones and carbonates, enhanced oil recovery, and CO2 sequestration. Ziauddin is the author of numerous technical articles and 12 US patents. He joined Schlumberger in 1997 after receiving a BS degree from the University of Houston and a PhD degree from the University of Minnesota, both in chemical engineering. He is a member of SPE and several other engineering societies.

Table of Contents

  • Introduction
  • Acknowledgments
  • Preface
  • 1. Introduction
  • 1.1 Chemical Applications in the Reservoir Life Cycle
  • 1.2 Need for Chemical or Engineering Practices to Enhance Production
  • 1.3 Production Chemistry Economics
  • 1.4 Basics of Fluid Chemistries
  • 1.5 Key Production Chemistry Concepts
  • 1.6 Injecting Fluids Into the Earth
  • 1.7 Treating Equipment on the Wellsite
  • 1.8 Electronic Sources of Oilfield Chemistry Information
  • 2 Chemistry of Production Impairment
  • 2.1 Introduction to Production Impairment Processes
  • 2.2 Organic and Inorganic Deposits
  • 2.3 Formation Damage
  • 2.4 Formation and Control of Emulsions in Production Operations
  • 2.5 Flow Enhancers
  • 2.6 Case Histories and Best Practices for Use of Production Chemicals
  • 2.7 Things to Think About
  • 3 Formation Stimulation With Reactive Chemicals
  • 3.1 Introduction to Stimulation Using Reactive Chemicals
  • 3.2 Laboratory Test Methods for Matrix Reactive Fluid Treatments
  • 3.3 Matrix Stimulation of Carbonate Formations
  • 3.4 Chemical Formulations for Stimulation of Carbonate Reservoirs
  • 3.5 Sandstone Matrix Stimulation
  • 3.6 Additives—What Is in the Reactive Fluid
  • 3.7 Placement of Matrix Fluids
  • 3.8 Fracture Stimulation of Carbonates and Sandstone Using Reactive Fluids
  • 3.9 Best Practices and Case Histories of Use of Reactive Chemicals for Stimulation
  • 3.10 Things to Think About
  • 4 Propped Fracturing Chemistry and Applications
  • 4.1 Introduction to Propped Fracturing Processes
  • 4.2 Characteristics of Fracturing Fluids, Additives, and Proppants
  • 4.3 Introduction to Fracture Fluid/Proppant Chemistry Using HPG as an Example
  • 4.4 Water-Based Fluids
  • 4.5 Nonwater-Based Fluids
  • 4.6 Fluid Loss Agents and Breakers
  • 4.7 Additional Frac Additives
  • 4.8 Reactions of Fracturing Fluids With Formations and Well Fluids
  • 4.9 Proppants and Proppant AidsContents
  • 4.10 Fluid Selection/Proppant Selection
  • 4.11 Fracture Planning and Models: Combining Chemistry and Engineering
  • 4.12 Case Histories and Best Practices for Proppant Fracturing
  • 4.13 Things to Think About
  • 5 Improved Oil Recovery Chemical Applications
  • 5.1 Basic Principles of IOR
  • 5.2 Selection Criteria for IOR Treatments
  • 5.3 Testing Methods for IOR Processes
  • 5.4 Immiscible Displacement Processes
  • 5.5 Miscible Displacement Processes
  • 5.6 Chemical Methods for Improving Sweep Efficiency (Mobility Control)
  • 5.7 Use of Chemical Tracers
  • 5.8 Case Histories and Best Practices for Chemical EOR
  • 5.9 Things to Think About
  • 6 Health, Ecology, and Safe Handling of Treating Chemicals and Produced Fluids
  • 6.1 Safety Considerations During Production Enhancement Operations
  • 6.2 Health, Safety, and Environmental (HSE) Management
  • 6.3 Handling, Reuse, and Disposal of Flowback Fluids
  • 6.4 Control and Remediation of Spills in Water Bodies and on Land
  • 6.5 Continual Quality Improvements With Oilfield Chemistry
  • Nomenclature
  • References


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